ARCAD’s president and CEO Philippe Magne points to two critical factors that modernization projects need to address.The first is control over the knowledge of existing applications. The second is control over the change process. Certainly not all modernization processes require code changes, but in those instances old code may be a burden on development even after modernization. In Magne’s view, modernization entails moving to a modern environment. It involves modern languages and modern architectures. Anything short of that is a Band-Aid approach.